Begum Rokeya

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Begum Rokeya was a famous writer, a social worker, feminist and a social worker in undivided Bengal in the early 20th century. She is most famous for her efforts on behalf of gender equality and other social issues. She was born in 1880 in the village of Pairabondh, Rangpur, in what was then the British Indian Empire and is now Bangladesh. Her father, Jahiruddin Muhammad Abu Ali Haidar Saber, was a highly educated landlord. Roquia had two sisters, Karimunnesa Khatun and Humayra Khatun; and three brothers, one of whom died in childhood. Roquia''s eldest brother Ibrahim, and her immediate elder sister Karimunnesa, both had great influence on her life. She believed that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men have in the society. So she fought for their cause throughout her life. She was married to Khan Bahadur Sakhawat Hussain in 1896. Her husband was the Deputy Magistrate of Bhagalpur, now a district in the Indian state of Bihar. He was very cooperative, and always encouraged Rokeya to go on with her activities. Many upper class Muslims of Bengal at that time learnt Arabic and Persian as medium of education and communication. But Rokeya had great love for her mother tongue. She learnt Bangla and English from her eldest brother Ibrahim. She launched her literary career in 1902 with a Bangla story entitled Pipasa (Thirst). Rokea established a high school in her beloved husband''s memory, naming it Sakhawat Memorial Girls'' High School. It started in Bhagalpur, a traditionally Urdu-speaking area, with only five students. She also founded the Anjuman e Khawateen e Islam (Islamic Women''s Association), which was active in holding debates and conferences regarding the status of women and education. In her life, she remained busy with the school, the association, and her writings for the rest of her life. She died of heart problems on December 9, 1932. In Bangladesh, December 9 is celebrated as Rokeya Day in her Memory.

Biography

Full Name: Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain
Birthdate: December 9, 1880
Birthplace: Pairaband, Mithapukur, Rangpur
Education: House Education
Occupation: Writer, Muslim Feminist
Years active:1902-1932
Spouse (s): Khan Bahadur Sakhawat Hussain
Religion: Islam
Zodiac sign: Sagittarius

Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain is a well known Bengali writer, social activists, and educationalist. She is considered the leader of the Islamic Feminism.  The lady always upholds her voice toward the women right and education. She established first Muslim girls school in Kolkata. Rokeya also founded a Muslim Women’s Association that fought for women’s employment and education. She is best known around the country as Begum Rokeya although her full name is Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain.

Begum Rokeya Early Life:

Begum Rokeya was born on December 9, 1880, in Pairaband, Mithapukur, Rangpur, now Bangladesh to Jahiruddin Muhammad Abu Ali Haidar Saber and Rahatunnessa. He father was a successful Zamindar who married four times. His marriage to Rahatunnessa resulted born Begum Rokeya and other two sisters and three brothers one of whom died in early age.

During that Muslim society, women didn’t get a chance to study outside of the home. They taught Arabic Urdu at home. But Rokeya’s elder brother Ibrahim Saber was a modern-minded who taught English and Bengali at home secretly.

Begum Rokeya Career:

Following the marriage with Khan Bahadur Sakhawat Hussain in 1898 at eighteen years old, she got the chance of writing and study as her husband was open minded. Her husband kept extra money for building a school. In 1902, she made her debut in the literary world writing a story named ‘Pipasha’.

In 1909, her husband died, five months later she founded Sakhawat Memorial Girls School in Bhagalpur. Following a year, she shut down the school and went to Kolkata in dispute of land. In Kolkata, she founded again the school in 1911, later the school turned into a high school.

Begum Rokeya is best known for her literary work ‘Sultana’s Dream’ which considered a milestone as a feminist literary work. She made various popular literary work including Padmarag, Abarodhbasini, Narir Adhikar.

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